Bcl-2 protein is an important factor in the regulation of apoptosis. This study focused on the role of Bcl-2 protein in this process by evaluating the growth inhibition effect of EBE on glioma cells C6 and U251 and the possible mechanism of inducing apoptosis. The apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry and the growth inhibition effect of EBE was evaluated by cell proliferation assay. The gene expression changes of C6 and U251 cells treated with EBE were analyzed by qPCR, and the chemical components of EBE were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). All experiments were statistically analyzed to ensure the reliability of the results. The results showed that EBE significantly inhibited the growth of C6 and U251 cells and effectively induced apoptosis. In C6 cells, after EBE treatment, the expression level of Bcl-2 gene was significantly decreased, while the expression of pro-apoptotic gene was significantly increased. Similar results were observed in U251 cells, further confirming the inhibitory effect of EBE on Bcl-2 protein. Chemical composition analysis confirmed the existence of multiple components in EBE that exert anticancer effects. The study showed that the extract of Erigeron breviscapus promoted the apoptosis of glioma cells by down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 protein. This discovery provides a new idea for the treatment of glioma and lays a foundation for the development of Bcl-2 related targeted therapy strategies.