The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular structure of NRG-1 protein and its mechanism of action in adult hypertensive heart failure. The amino acid sequence of NRG-1 protein was analyzed by bioinformatics method. High-throughput sequencing was used to compare NRG-1 gene expression levels in hypertensive patients and healthy controls. Using advanced machine learning algorithms, large amounts of clinical data are analyzed to identify biomarkers associated with heart failure. Specific mutation sites in the molecular structure of NRG-1 protein were found to be significantly correlated with the occurrence of adult hypertensive heart failure. Through training and validation of machine learning models, we successfully identified a set of biomarkers strongly associated with heart failure, including a specific fragment of the NRG-1 protein.